The Potential Influences of the Global Strategy on the Conventional Legislative and Regulatory Measures
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
36-52
Received:
8 September 2019
Accepted:
7 October 2019
Published:
26 October 2019
Abstract: Nominating heritage properties for listing as World Heritage Sites has become more challenging with the advent of the Operational Guidelines of 2005 that have construed the prerequisites of the Global Strategy. According to the Guidelines of 2005, States Parties, to the World Heritage Convention, are urged to nominate properties for listing as World Heritage Sites that fall under particular under-represented heritage categories and are requested to verify the availability of the legislative and regulatory measures that guarantee the protection of these properties. The main aim of this paper was to evaluate the influences of the Global Strategy on the conventional legislative and regulatory measures that were used before the adoption of the Global Strategy to support nominations for listing properties as World Heritage Sites. The empirical study approached this issue by selecting a non-probability purposive sample of eight British World Heritage Sites that represent the pre-Global Strategy and the post-Global Strategy World Heritage Sites. Developing and analyzing a database of the data provided by the management plans of the selected case studies was the research tool that was adopted to conduct the empirical study. The most significant finding of this study unveiled the very limited influences of the Global Strategy on the conventional legislative and regulatory measures that were used earlier to support nominations of heritage properties for listing as World Heritage Sites. The study suggests replacing the inefficient non-statutory mechanisms that are used to provide protection for the heritage properties in the adopted case studies by further developed statutory ones.
Abstract: Nominating heritage properties for listing as World Heritage Sites has become more challenging with the advent of the Operational Guidelines of 2005 that have construed the prerequisites of the Global Strategy. According to the Guidelines of 2005, States Parties, to the World Heritage Convention, are urged to nominate properties for listing as Worl...
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Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition
Saeid Teshnehdel,
Mohammadreza Bahari,
Seyedasghar Mirnezami
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
53-60
Received:
19 September 2019
Accepted:
11 October 2019
Published:
11 November 2019
Abstract: According to population growth, urban sprawl, as well as global warming, attention to the impact of design on thermal comfort in open spaces is important. Thus, it is essential to climate studies and understanding environmental features, as well as results usage in improving designs. The courtyard as open space in residential buildings which is an important factor in the absorption of sunlit in the courtyard surfaces. Therefore, controlling shading performance with regard to thermal comfort condition is one of the most effective factors in reducing the ambient temperature during hot days. This paper focuses on the impact of shading performance in traditional courtyard houses in the hot (Kashan) and cold (Ardabil) climate of Iran. For better understanding four traditional courtyard houses of Kashan and Ardabil selected randomly. By Design Builder software shaded areas were analyzed for each case. The results showed that the best form for the courtyard in these climates is rectangular. The results indicate that increasing the ratio of length to width and also increasing the height of the walls of the courtyard increases the percentage of shading. As conclusion during a day, there is a high correlation between the MRT and the PMV index, and reducing the MRT improve the PMV index.
Abstract: According to population growth, urban sprawl, as well as global warming, attention to the impact of design on thermal comfort in open spaces is important. Thus, it is essential to climate studies and understanding environmental features, as well as results usage in improving designs. The courtyard as open space in residential buildings which is an ...
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